n power plant condensers, duplex tubes consisting of an inner titanium layer with outer copper-nickel alloys are employed.
This enables the use of copper’s beneficial mechanical and chemical properties (e.g., stress corrosion cracking, ammonia attack)
along with titanium’s excellent corrosion resistance. A duplex tube with inner aluminium brass or copper-nickel and
outer stainless or mild steel can be used for cooling in the oil refining and petrochemical industries.